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Vol. 20 (2017 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2017-20-1/1
Kompanchenko A. A., Voloshin A. V., Sidorov M. Yu.
Minerals of Fe in the oxidation zone of massive sulfide ore
in the South Pechenga structure zone, Kola region: Identification by the Raman spectroscopy
The paper presents data on the study of iron-bearing minerals formed in the oxidation zone of massive sulfide ores. The minerals are represented by two groups: oxides, i. e. goethite and lepidocrocite, and sulfates, i. e. melanterite and rozenit. Mineral identification has been produced by Raman spectroscopy, these data have been confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. The resulting Raman spectra have been compared with the spectra of the known database and the results of previous studies of these minerals. Goethite and lepidocrocite are polymorphic modifications formed under the specific conditions by the influence of special solutions. Goethite has diagnostic bands at 243 cm–1, 300 cm–1, 391 cm–1, 480 cm–1, 552 cm–1, 681 cm–1, and 995 cm–1, diagnostic bands of lepidocrocite – 252 cm–1, 381 cm–1, 528 cm–1, and 652 cm–1. Discovered small crystals in the lepidocrocite veins have been diagnosed as magnetite, with diagnostic bands at 678 cm–1, 549 cm–1, and 316 cm–1. Goethite and lepidocrocite are formed on the surface of a complex pyrrhotite-marcasite aggregate with "bird's-eye" structure. The presence of pyrite and marcasite is confirmed by Raman spectrum which has pyrite bands (343 cm–1 and 403 cm–1) and marcasite bands (323 cm–1 and 386 cm–1). Melanterite and rozenite are formed under the influence of surface water on sulfide ores or other readily degradable iron-bearing minerals, as well as in confined spaces with high humidity. Raman spectra of these minerals well differ from each other allowing them reliably diagnose. There are sulfate anion [SO4]2– vibrations in the range of 990–1 010 cm–1, and vibrations of the H–O–H in the range of 3 000–4 000 cm–1 and 1 500–1 700 cm–1 on the spectra. As a result of the research the authors can certainly confirm that Raman spectroscopy can be used as a reliable method for mineral identification.
(in Russian, ñòð.9, fig. 5, tables. 3, ref 7, Adobe PDF, Adobe PDF 0 Kb)
Vol. 25 (2022 year), No. 1, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2022-25-1
Zakharova A. A., Voytekhovsky Yu. L., Kompanchenko A. A., Neradovsky Yu. N.
Methodology for determination of petrographic structures using the MIU-5M device
The authors develop a statistical method for determining the structures of rocks. A mathematically rigorous definition of the petrographic structure through the probabilities of binary intergranular contacts is proposed. The petrographic structure is defined as an invariant aspect of rock organization algebraically expressed by the canonical diagonal form of symmetric matrix of contact probabilities and visualized by structural indicatrices – 2nd order surfaces. A consistent nomenclature of petrographic structures has been proposed. Earlier the method showed itself well in describing the structures of ijolites and urtites of the Khibiny Mountains, as well as amphibolites of the islands of Keretsky Archipelago (the White Sea). Mass application of the method is restrained by the routine procedure of calculating the probabilities of intergranular contacts in petrographic thin sections under a microscope. The problem of modern optical structure analyzers is assignment different sections of the same anisotropic mineral to different minerals, and separation blocks of a mineral individual to different individuals. The paper describes the experience of using the domestic MIU-5M device for scanning petrographic thin sections by the linear method of Rosival. The combination of visual control and minimum automation of the process allows us to achieve convergence of the structural types with results obtained by manual processing of image of petrographic thin section. Additionally, thin sections have been studied, for which the structural types differ with various methods of counting. It has been revealed that the presence of poikilitic ingrowths and features of the mineral composition (the existence of hypergene changes or minerals with similar optical properties) affect the statistics of probabilities. Recommendations are given on the selection of the scanning step depending on the grain size in the studied rock.
(in Russian, ñòð.7, fig. 4, tables. 0, ref 10, AdobePDF, AdobePDF 0 Kb)
Vol. 26 (2023 year), No. 2, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2023-26-2
Goryachev A. A., Makarov D. V., Potapov S. S., Belyaevskiy A. T., Semushin V. V., Kompanchenko A. A.
Processing of ore from the Nud II deposit by the method of low-temperature roasting with ammonium sulfate
The Murmansk region has a significant amount of sulfide copper-nickel raw materials. Deposits of the Nud massif associated with Monchepluton are promising for processing. The Nud II deposit cut-off grade ore with an initial Ni content of 0.45 % and Cu of 0.39 % has been chosen as the research object. During the research, the ore was mixed with ammonium sulfate, grinded, and the mixture was roasted in a muffle furnace with static air atmosphere. The roasted mixture was leached in heated distilled water with constant stirring. The maximum metals recovery was achieved when crushing to a fraction of –40 µm, the ratio of ore : ammonium sulfate is equal to 1 : 7, roasting temperature 400 °C, roasting duration 300 min. In the mixture roasted at these parameters, reflexes of copper and nickel sulfates were recorded by the x-ray phase analysis (XRD) method. At the stage of water leaching, the maximum recovery was: Ni – 79.1 %, Cu – 75.8 %.
(in Russian, ñòð.13, fig. 10, tables. 0, ref 15, AdobePDF, AdobePDF 0 Kb)
Vol. 26 (2023 year), No. 2, DOI: 10.21443/1560-9278-2023-26-2
Latyuk E. S., Goryachev A. A., Kompanchenko A. A.
Recovery of non-ferrous metals from sulfide ores by bioleaching on the example of the Allarechensk technogenic deposit
The possibility of processing sulfide copper-nickel raw materials by heap bioleaching due to the environmental attractiveness of this approach is becoming an increasingly relevant topic for mining and processing. On the example of the Allarechensk technogenic deposit ore, the effectiveness of the bioleaching method for the copper and nickel recovery has been considered. The content of metals in the original ore sample: nickel – 2.42 % and copper – 0.75 %. The ore grinded to the size of –5+3 mm has been irrigated with a solution containing a strain of Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans. The S : L ratio is 4 : 1, the flow rate is equal to 0.1 mL/min. In pregnant solutions, the pH and redox potential values have been controlled, and the concentrations of ferrous and ferric iron, copper, and nickel ions have also been measured. The experiment duration is 11 months, 8.9 % nickel and 6.1 % copper have been recovered. Copper has been extracted from pregnant solutions by cementation on iron, the maximum recovery is 97.3 %. Thus, it has been shown that the proposed scheme for the recovery of metals is promising for the processing of sulfide raw materials, in particular, low-grade ores and enrichment waste.
(in Russian, ñòð.10, fig. 5, tables. 0, ref 12, AdobePDF, AdobePDF 0 Kb)